Problem-Solving Knowledge Mining from Users’\ud Actions in an Intelligent Tutoring System

In an intelligent tutoring system (ITS), the domain expert should provide\ud relevant domain knowledge to the tutor so that it will be able to guide the\ud learner during problem solving. However, in several domains, this knowledge is\ud not predetermined and should be captured or learned from expert users as well as\ud intermediate and novice users. Our hypothesis is that, knowledge discovery (KD)\ud techniques can help to build this domain intelligence in ITS. This paper proposes\ud a framework to capture problem-solving knowledge using a promising approach\ud of data and knowledge discovery based on a combination of sequential pattern\ud mining and association rules discovery techniques. The framework has been implemented\ud and is used to discover new meta knowledge and rules in a given domain\ud which then extend domain knowledge and serve as problem space allowing\ud the intelligent tutoring system to guide learners in problem-solving situations.\ud Preliminary experiments have been conducted using the framework as an alternative\ud to a path-planning problem solver in CanadarmTutor

Un modèle hybride pour le support à l'apprentissage dans les domaines procéduraux et mal définis

Pour construire des systèmes tutoriels intelligents capables d'offrir une assistance hautement personnalisée, une solution populaire est de représenter les processus cognitifs pertinents des apprenants à l'aide d'un modèle cognitif. Toutefois, ces systèmes tuteurs dits cognitifs ne sont applicables que pour des domaines simples et bien définis, et ne couvrent pas les aspects liés à la cognition spatiale. De plus, l'acquisition des connaissances pour ces systèmes est une tâche ardue et coûteuse en temps. Pour répondre à cette problématique, cette thèse propose un modèle hybride qui combine la modélisation cognitive avec une approche novatrice basée sur la fouille de données pour extraire automatiquement des connaissances du domaine à partir de traces de résolution de problème enregistrées lors de l'usagé du système. L'approche par la fouille de données n'offre pas la finesse de la modélisation cognitive, mais elle permet d'extraire des espaces problèmes partiels pour des domaines mal définis où la modélisation cognitive n'est pas applicable. Un modèle hybride permet de profiter des avantages de la modélisation cognitive et de ceux de l'approche fouille de données. Des algorithmes sont présentés pour exploiter les connaissances et le modèle a été appliqué dans un domaine mal défini : l'apprentissage de la manipulation du bras robotisé Canadarm2. \ud ______________________________________________________________________________ \ud MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Systèmes tutoriels intelligents, cognition spatiale, robotique, fouille de donnée

Un modèle de représentation des connaissances à trois niveaux de sémantique pour les systèmes tutoriels intelligents

Ce mémoire s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet ASTUS qui vise le développement d'un système tutoriel intelligent ( STI ). Les connaissances sont un élément crucial pour ces systèmes, car elles constituent le langage commun entre les différents modules. Le mémoire propose un modèle original de représentation des connaissances pour les STI qui tire profit de trois approches prometteuses: la représentation psychologique et didactique, la représentation logique et ontologique des logiques de description, et la notion d'objet d'apprentissage utilisée dans le domaine de la formation en ligne. De cette combinaison, résulte un modèle novateur avec des caractéristiques avantageuses, qui établira un fondement solide pour le système en développement

Efficient chain structure for high-utility sequential pattern mining

High-utility sequential pattern mining (HUSPM) is an emerging topic in data mining, which considers both utility and sequence factors to derive the set of high-utility sequential patterns (HUSPs) from the quantitative databases. Several works have been presented to reduce the computational cost by variants of pruning strategies. In this paper, we present an efficient sequence-utility (SU)-chain structure, which can be used to store more relevant information to improve mining performance. Based on the SU-Chain structure, the existing pruning strategies can also be utilized here to early prune the unpromising candidates and obtain the satisfied HUSPs. Experiments are then compared with the state-of-the-art HUSPM algorithms and the results showed that the SU-Chain-based model can efficiently improve the efficiency performance than the existing HUSPM algorithms in terms of runtime and number of the determined candidates

FRIOD: a deeply integrated feature-rich interactive system for effective and efficient outlier detection

In this paper, we propose an novel interactive outlier detection system called feature-rich interactive outlier detection (FRIOD), which features a deep integration of human interaction to improve detection performance and greatly streamline the detection process. A user-friendly interactive mechanism is developed to allow easy and intuitive user interaction in all the major stages of the underlying outlier detection algorithm which includes dense cell selection, location-aware distance thresholding, and final top outlier validation. By doing so, we can mitigate the major difficulty of the competitive outlier detection methods in specifying the key parameter values, such as the density and distance thresholds. An innovative optimization approach is also proposed to optimize the grid-based space partitioning, which is a critical step of FRIOD. Such optimization fully considers the high-quality outliers it detects with the aid of human interaction. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that FRIOD can improve the quality of the detected outliers and make the detection process more intuitive, effective, and efficient

Mining Profitable and Concise Patterns in Large-Scale Internet of Things Environments

In recent years, HUIM (or a.k.a. high-utility itemset mining) can be seen as investigated in an extensive manner and studied in many applications especially in basket-market analysis and its relevant applications. Since current basket-market scenario also involves IoT equipment to collect information, i.e., sensor or smart devices, it is necessary to consider the mining of HUIs (or a.k.a. high-utility itemsets) in a large-scale database especially with IoT situations. First, a GA-based MapReduce model is presented in this work known as GMR-Miner for mining closed patterns with high utilization in large-scale databases. The -means model is initially adopted to group transactions regarding their relevant correlation based on the frequency factor. A genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized in the developed MapReduce framework that can be used to explore the potential and possible candidates in a limited time. Also, the developed 3-tier MapReduce model can be easily deployed in Spark for the handlings of any database of large scale for knowledge discovery of closed patterns with high utilization. We created sets of extensive experimental environments for evaluating the results of the developed GMR-Miner compared to the well-known and state-of-the-art CLS-Miner. We present our in-depth results to show that the developed GMR-Miner outperforms CLS-Miner in many criteria, i.e., memory usage, scalability, and runtime.publishedVersio

Proof Learning in PVS with Utility Pattern Mining

Interactive theorem provers (ITPs) are software tools that allow human users to write and verify formal proofs. In recent years, an emerging research area in ITPs is proof mining, which consists of identifying interesting proof patterns that can be used to guide the interactive proof process in ITPs. In previous studies, some data mining techniques, such as frequent pattern mining, have been used to analyze proofs to find frequent proof steps. Though useful, such models ignore the facts that not all proof steps are equally important. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel proof mining approach based on finding not only frequent patterns but also high utility patterns to find proof steps of high importance (utility). A proof process learning approach is proposed based on high utility itemset mining (HUIM) for the PVS (Prototype Verification System) proof assistant. Proofs in PVS theories are first abstracted to a computer-processable corpus, where each line represents a proof sequence and proof commands in proof sequences are associated with utilities representing their weightage (importance). HUIM techniques are then applied on the corpus to discover frequent proof steps/high utility patterns and their relationships with each other. Experimental results suggest that combining frequent pattern mining techniques, such as sequential pattern mining and high utility itemset mining, with proof assistants, such as PVS, is useful to learn and guide the proof development process